Gynecomastia is the abnormal growth of breast tissue in men. There are several potential causes for this situation. Here are common causes of gynecomastia:
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal imbalances can cause gynecomastia. Conditions such as the production of estrogen hormone more than normal or the decrease of testosterone hormone can lead to enlargement of breast tissue. Adolescence is a time when hormonal changes are common and temporary gynecomastia may occur during this period.
- Medications: Some medications can cause gynecomastia. For example, drugs such as anabolic steroids, antiandrogens (drugs used to treat prostate cancer), some antidepressants, heart medications, estrogen-containing drugs, or sleeping pills can contribute to gynecomastia.
- Alcohol and Substance Use: Alcohol consumption or the use of certain drugs can cause gynecomastia. In particular, excessive alcohol consumption can affect the normal function of the liver, causing hormonal imbalances, which can contribute to the growth of breast tissue.
- Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of gynecomastia. Fat tissue in the body can increase the production of estrogen and cause breast tissue to grow.
- Genetic Factors: In some cases, gynecomastia may be associated with a genetic predisposition. People with a family history of gynecomastia may be more prone to this condition.
If you are experiencing symptoms of gynecomastia, we want you to know that there is treatment available.
How ıs gynecomastıa treated?
- Medication: If gynecomastia is caused by a hormonal imbalance, your doctor may recommend medications to regulate hormone levels. Medications to reduce estrogen levels or increase testosterone levels can be used.
- Surgical Treatment: If the gynecomastia condition is permanent and long-lasting, surgical intervention may be required. Surgical options include liposuction (fat suction) or removal of breast tissue (mammoplasty). Surgical options are determined depending on the excess of breast tissue, its size and the preferences of the patient.
- Treatment of the Underlying Cause: If gynecomastia occurs as a symptom of an underlying health problem, it is important to treat that problem. For example, if it is a side effect of a drug, the drug may need to be changed or discontinued. Treating underlying causes such as hormonal imbalances, thyroid problems or liver disease can reduce the symptoms of gynecomastia.
- Age-Related Gynecomastia: Gynecomastia in adolescence usually goes away on its own over time. In this case, the doctor may refer you to monitor for symptoms and follow up if treatment is no longer needed.